Also, we previously demonstrated that the induction of autophagy in the pancreas by the transgenic expression of VMP1 does not only induce pancreatitis but also prevents intracellular trypsinogen activation, necrosis, and other parameters of pancreatic injury in the mouse caerulein model of pancreatitis (Grasso et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene VMP1 and pancreatitis.