Some studies have indicated that ATF3 expression is downregulated in human cancers, such as in colon cancer (Park et al., 2017), liver cancer (Xiaoyan et al., 2014), multiple myeloma (Ri, 2016), neuroblastoma (Tian et al., 2009), prostate cancer (Wang and Yan, 2016), malignant glioma (Guenzle et al., 2017), and non-small cell lung carcinoma (Bar et al., 2016), compared to its level in normal tissues. This evidence concerns the gene ATF3 and cancer.