ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The correlation between low adiponectin levels and obesity-associated comorbidities may be explained by adiponectin’s anti-inflammatory effects, including: 1) macrophage reprogramming from M1 to M2 polarization (Ohashi et al., 2010); 2) TLR-mediated signaling inhibition (Yamaguchi et al., 2005); 3) Suppression of class A scavenger receptor-mediated foam cell formation (Ouchi et al., 2001); and 4) improved endothelial function by increased NO generation and reduced superoxide production (Deng et al., 2010).