CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: So far, the effectiveness of imaging-driven biomarkers with pretreatment CT images for prediction of PD-L1 expression in advanced NSCLC has been tentatively confirmed in several retrospective populations (46, 47), which enables investigators to validate the combination of PD-L1 expression signature with Delta-radiomics model for a better patient stratification and management in further prospective trials.