AFP and neoplasm: Studies have shown that microvascular violation of state can be reflected by specific clinical hematological indicators, such as des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (PIVKA-II), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and peripheral neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (7, 8); also, it can be predicted by tumor size, multiple tumor nodules, tumor rough edges, incomplete capsule, and nuclear magnetic resonance arterial peritumoral enhancement imaging characteristics and changes in peritumoral hepatobiliary specific density of microvessels (9–12).