SERPIND1 and cancer: We, and others, have previously shown that the patterns of epimerization and sulfation of CS/DS is of critical importance for a range of biological activities.7 For example, patients diagnosed with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations in DS-epi1 suffer from multiple organ disorders.8–11 Furthermore, IdoA-containing motifs are important in processes such as control of collagen fibril formation, cancer development, thrombin inactivation through heparin cofactor II (HCII), growth factor interactions as well as for cell migration.12–17