At least in part, such effects are orchestrated through common signaling pathways comprised of NF-κB, bcl-2, MAPK/ERK, PARP, and caspase 3; see also under “Molecular Pathways Affected by Mn Porphyrins in Normal and Cancer Cell” (Figures 2 and 6) [3, 91, 92]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to cancer.