MTOR and microcephaly: ZIKV directly infects and spreads in the neural stem cells in the fetus and produces neurogenic arrest by possible P53 activation and inhibition of the mTOR pathways, which promote a switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation and might consequently produce immature differentiation and apoptosis of neural precursor cells (NPCs) by targeting cell proliferation and generating cell cycle arrest, causing microcephaly and cortical thinning (Li et al., 2016).