Besides ICI, several immunotherapeutic strategies for HCC patients are emerging, such as targeted therapies promoting ADCC, adoptive cell therapy (ACT), including the transfer of autologous CD8 T cells, iNKT cells, γδ T cells, cytokine-induced immune killer cells (IKC), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, oncolytic viruses and vaccines (Figure 6). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.