In contrast with studies that associate LETM1-overexpression with promotion of tumorigenesis, other studies demonstrated that LETM1 over-expression impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, compromised ATP production, and elicited necrotic cancer cell death in lung (Hwang et al., 2010) and hepatocellular carcinoma (Shin et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene LETM1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.