BDNF and epilepsy: A wealth of studies have been done which show that mRNA of BDNF and its receptor Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) are upregulated in epilepsy models (Isackson et al. 1991; Nibuya et al. 1995; Binder et al. 1999a; Dinocourt et al. 2006; Hu et al. 2011a, 2011b), and have strong pro-epileptic effects.