BRAF and cutaneous melanoma: Approximately 40–60% of cutaneous melanoma patients harbor mutations in the BRAF gene (most commonly the BRAFV600E point mutation) [77], and small molecular BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) targeting this serine/threonine protein kinase (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and encorafenib) are now used as first line treatments in metastatic BRAF-mutant melanoma [2].