Moreover, gRNA-associated modifications that function as an antagonist of the innate type-I IFN response, and sfRNA stability against XRN-1, 5′-3′ exoribonuclease, which help to efficiently suppress RIG-I- and MDA-5-mediated IFN have been identified as an important proviral pathway, abrogating IFN neutralization of ZIKV infection during the early-phase of the viral life cycle. Here, XRN1 is linked to Zika virus infectious disease.