TNF and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Analysis of the mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the lymphoblasts of sALS and SOD1-ALS indicated that, while in the samples of sALS there is a significant increase of IL-1β (Figure 5A) and IL-6 (Figure 5B), in SOD1-ALS only an increase in TNF-α (Figure 5C) levels is observed.