As acute myocardial ischemia induces an initial pro-inflammatory response that is followed by an anti-inflammatory phase to aid wound healing, scar formation and regeneration processes [40], we cannot exclude that ischemia/reperfusion induced injury might also trigger the local expression or deliberation/re-distribution of endogenous PACAP-38 and its receptors within the infarcted area. The gene discussed is ADCYAP1; the disease is ischemia.