A recent study by Rofstad et al. demonstrated that human melanoma tumors (R-18 and T-22) that seed LN metastasis exhibit higher IFP and often have a larger hypoxic center, high microvascular and lymphatic vessel density in the tumor periphery, and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and VEGF-C. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFC and neoplasm.