Higher circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, E-Selectin, L-Selectin, P-Selectin, neopterin, serum amyloid A, and D-dimer have been reported in PAD patients compared to control groups, while for fibrinogen only a moderate increase was found [22,24,31,33,34,37]. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and peripheral arterial disease.