In non-atopic AA patients, the ratios of CD4+IFN-γ+ cells to CD4+IL-4++ cells (Figure 1a) and CD4+IFN-γ+ cells to CD4+IL-13+ cells (Figure 1b) were significantly higher than those in AA patients with extrinsic AD (p = 0.0048). Here, CD4 is linked to Alzheimer disease.