A Cochrane systematic review of adverse events in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol), interleukin (IL)-1 antagonist (anakinra), IL-6 antagonist (tocilizumab), anti-CD28 (abatacept), and anti-B cell (rituximab) therapy in patients with any disease condition except human immunodeficiency disease (HIV/AIDS) detected only 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs; out of 160) with data for fungal infections: only 25 patients in the biologic group versus 23 patients in the control group had fungal infections. This evidence concerns the gene CD28 and fungal infectious disease.