AD is pathologically characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) species and phosphorylated tau protein, leading to the formation of neurotoxic amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, respectively, in addition to neuroinflammation, loss of synapses, cognitive impairment, and the eventual loss of neurons [93,94]. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Cognitive impairment.