These results have been associated with reproducible sex-related differences in the genomic landscape of patients with myeloid neoplasms demonstrating that men have higher incidence of mutations in high-risk genes such as ZRSR2, U2AF1, SRSF2, and ASXL1. Despite that various hypotheses have been developed including the X-chromosome inactivation hypothesis, the different metabolism of cytidine analogues, alterations in the primitive cells’ compartment and implication of hormonal receptors, these differences remain not well understood. This evidence concerns the gene NR4A1 and myeloid neoplasm.