HNF4A and central nervous system cancer: While the activity of the β-catenin/TCF pathway and its target gene cyclin D1 was reduced in GRβ-deficient U118 and Shg44 glioma cells, the interaction between β-catenin and TCF-4 was not affected by a lack of GRβ [76], suggesting that GRβ induced cell proliferation independently from the formation of the β-catenin/TCF-4 complex.