It has also been shown that cytokines can significantly change the tumor microenvironment by recruiting immune cells and increasing the infiltration of cytotoxic and phagocytic cells; thus, it has been proposed to use cytokines as therapeutic targets for their tumor-suppressive activity, including IFNγ, IL-2, IL-10, TGFβ and GM-CSF [19]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and neoplasm.