Importantly, considering that NADPH oxidase levels are increased during exposure of mice to the Western-style HFD [32,161] and play a role in inflammation of the intestines during dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-mediated colitis [160], it is possible that ROS generated by NADPH-oxidase isozyme(s) present in immune cells in the GI tract may also contribute to gut-localized inflammation in response to alcohol. The gene discussed is FMO5; the disease is colitis.