ACE2 and polycystic ovary syndrome: As shown in Figure 6E, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mRNA was significantly upregulated in PCOS rats compared to controls in the renal medulla (3.40 ± 0.22 vs. 1.86 ± 0.18, p < 0.0001), and elevated without reaching significance in the cortex (1.72 ± 0.24 vs. 1.00 ± 0.11, p = 0.162).