INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: However, taking into account the cultural and geographical uniformity of the three groups analyzed, as well as the fact that, in patients with type 1 diabetes, treatment with insulin and appropriate diet are introduced when the disease is diagnosed and the patients usually follow the regimen, it can be assumed that these two factors contribute to the substantial homogeneity of the T1D group in terms of biodiversity and cause a visible difference in beta diversity of this group compared to the two other groups.