The authors showed that melatonin reverses the downregulation of inflammation (NF-kB, STAT3 and COX2) and oxidative stress (NRF2, NQO1 and HO-1) regulatory proteins by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride, a colon cancer inducer, consequently leading to reduced inflammatory (MPO, IL-17, IL-6 and TNF-a) and oxidative stress (TBARS and GSH) responses while protecting against DNA damage. Here, HMOX1 is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.