PSEN1 and Alzheimer disease: PS1V97L is a single-mutant transgenic mouse model harboring PS1V97L. It was generated by the report of a single missense mutation Val97Leu (V97L) of PS1 in a Chinese pedigree suffering from early-onset AD. Human Val97Leu mutant PS1 increases Aβ oligomers and tau phosphorylation level as well as AD-associated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress and finally causes spatial memory deficit in mice.