Furthermore, we provided additional evidence that other MS risk genes ZC3HAV1, MALT1, ZFP36L1, LBH, RCOR1, AFF1 and CD200R1 may be regulated by EBV infection through targeting by EBV miRNA and EBV-driven dysregulation of cellular miRNAs. Here, MALT1 is linked to Epstein-Barr virus infection.