Upon activation through the secretion of multiple soluble factors by cancer cells and immune cells, such as transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and IL-10, PSCs transition from a quiescent state to an activated state, which is characterized by the loss of lipid droplets and by the expression of α-SMA [12,13]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.