CD4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Although this is in line with results found in many other cancers, it is surprising for HCC since the liver plays a central role in human immune regulation via the complex interaction of sinusoidal endothelial cells and resident macrophages (Kupffer cells) with NK cells and different CD4+/CD8+ T cell subsets and many HCCs develop on the basis of an underlying chronic inflammatory process [62,63].