INS and Hyperglycemia: Experiments involving partial pancreatectomy (Ppx) in rats showed that in conditions of chronic hyperglycemia, the remaining beta cells downregulate the expression of key beta cell associated genes such as insulin, GLUT2 and glucokinase and upregulate the expression of so-called “disallowed genes” (i.e., those associated with a non-beta cell fate) in response to this acute stress [82,83,84].