Significant upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C–C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) was observed from exposure of immortalized human hepatocytes (IHHs) to exosomes isolated from COVID-19 patient plasma compared with exosomes from healthy normal plasma (Figure 4A). Here, IL6 is linked to COVID-19.