NUCLEOLIN and neoplasm: This review covers the following topics: tumor-promoting activity of the Tipα family members HP-MP1 and Tipα, the mechanism underlying this activity of Tipα via binding to the cell-surface receptor, nucleolin, the crystal structure of rdel-Tipα and N-terminal truncated rTipα, inhibition of Tipα-associated gastric carcinogenesis by tumor suppressor B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2/TIS21), and new strategies to prevent and treat gastric cancer.