Another study [119] also investigating postprandial gastric emptying as measured by 13C-octanoic acid breath test and gut hormones response to a test meal in controls (n = 24), active CD patients (n = 14), and active UC patients (n = 14) found that fasting CCK levels and maximal postprandial concentrations were similar between IBD patients and controls, however, patients with UC had significantly lower postprandial CCK levels than controls and CD patients. Here, CCK is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.