We have analyzed BAFF promoter -871, -2841 and -2701 mutations associated with elevated BAFF plasma levels and susceptibility to auto-immune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and hepatitis C associated cryoglobulinemia [158,159,160] in our Benin cohort and found no association. Here, TNFSF13B is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.