Such process, which corresponds to an increased production of mediators of the immune response [17], including cytokines [17], chemokines [18], and microRNA [19,20,21] by adipose tissue (AT), and a reduction of adiponectin plasma level [22], interferes with insulin signaling in insulin-sensitive tissues (liver, skeletal muscle, and AT), and contributes to the etiology of T2DM [23]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.