Next, we compared HERV transcript expression in these prostate cancer-free individuals with samples taken from benign regions of the prostate in individuals with prostate cancer and found significantly upregulated expression of HERV-E Pol (p = 0.003, Figure 2E) and a trend towards increased expression of HERV-K Np9 (p = 0.054, Figure 2B), but decreased expression of HERV-E Env (p < 0.001, Figure 2F) in men with prostate cancer as compared to those without. Here, ERVW-1 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.