GWAS studies identified robust and reproducible gene candidates including patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) [61,62], the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) [59,63] and more recently the 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) [64,65], which are associated with the severity spectrum of NAFLD (from steatosis to NASH and advanced cirrhosis), HCC [66] or CV risk [67]. The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.