This included improved immune cell response [28,42,43,46]; decreased interleukin (IL)-8 [46,65], IL-10 [46] and IL-6 (at time points 8–21 days post-surgery compared to control) [23,24,28,29,42,43,44,46]; modulation of functional capacity and gene expression of immune markers [19]; increased T-lymphocytes, T helper and natural killer (NK) cells [24]; modulated cytokine production [23,65]; decreased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) [22] and reduced incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome [25,44]. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is systemic inflammatory response syndrome.