SREBF1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Hyperglycemia induces sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) expression; this transcription factor activates fatty acid synthase, which increases the synthesis and accumulation of triglycerides in the kidney, as demonstrated in several models, including STZ-induced diabetic rats, SREBP-1 transgenic mice, murine cortical tubular cells, and other T2D models [21,32].