Particularly, as it has been shown in Figure 5, all the neurological groups, including ALS and MS, show canonical peaks of TTR, which include TTR Free monomeric specie (m/z = 13,761 Da, peak 1) and canonical mixed disulfides of monomeric TTR with free thiols with cysteine (m/z = 13,880 Da, peak 4) and cystein-glycine (m/z = 13,937 Da, peak 5). The gene discussed is TTR; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.