This effect occurs through the activation of PPARδ since chronic administration of capsaicin promotes the up-regulation of the hepatic PPARδ expression level and the enhancement of PPARδ-mediated hepatocyte autophagy in wt but not in TRPV1 KO mice, thus disclosing the beneficial role of chronic dietary capsaicin in the prevention of hepatic steatosis, inflammatory responses, and body weight gain. This evidence concerns the gene PPARD and fatty liver disease.