APOL1 and systemic lupus erythematosus: The high-risk variants of APOL-1 (genotypes G1/G1, G2/G2, or G1/G2) are present in 10% to 15% of the African-American population and confer greater susceptibility to podocytopathy commonly manifesting in cFSGS when subjected, for example, to inflammatory diseases [SLE and hemophagocytic syndrome], drugs (pamidronate and interferon), and viral infections (arboviruses, HIV, parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein–Barr virus).