On the other hand, numerous studies have shown the importance of OS as a factor involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases of the respiratory system, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) [16], asthma [17], alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) [18,19,20,21] and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) [22]. This evidence concerns the gene PSMA6 and primary ciliary dyskinesia.