Optineurin (OPTN), initially considered to be a regulator of NF-κβ signaling, is an important regulator of mitophagy in patients with DN, and reducing OPTN expression leads to premature senescence of renal tubular cells to promote DN (Slowicka et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2018). The gene discussed is OPTN; the disease is liver dysplastic nodule.