It has been reported that YY1 was a direct target gene of miR-34a, and enhanced miR-34a expression could reduce cell proliferation, migration and invasion partially by suppressing YY1 expression in glioblastoma multiforme (72), liver cancer (73) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (74). The gene discussed is YY1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.