INS and Hypoglycemia: Infants at risk for hypoglycemia must be fed within the first hour of life, before performing the first plasma glucose detection, and supplementary feeding with mother’s own breast milk or infant formula is recommended for all infants at risk for hypoglycemia. On the contrary, feeding with dextrose solution in the postnatal period may cause negative metabolic effects including increased insulin secretion, decreased glucagon secretion, delay of gluconeogenesis and ketogenic homeostasis.