Some of these transporters have been reported to be associated with the resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or chemotherapy, e.g., SLC12A7 has been discovered to be up-regulated in the TKI-resistant cell lines20, ABCC3 and SLCO4A1 have been shown as markers for chemotherapy outcome in lung cancer patients21–23, the differential expression of SERPINA1 has also been reported to be associated with chemoresistance in human epithelial ovarian cancer24. Here, SERPINA1 is linked to lung carcinoma.