VEGFA and lipoid nephrosis: In a series of renal biopsies in patients with VEGFI-associated renal toxicity, anti-VEGF-ligands (anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies and soluble VEGF decoy receptors) were predominantly associated with thrombotic microangiopathy, whereas VEGF-TKI were mainly associated with minimal change nephropathy and/or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.132,133 These renal toxicities may lead to proteinuria and sodium and water retention, further contributing to the rise in blood pressure observed during VEGFI therapy.8